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The first mention in the Historical Chronicles is made about the city of Moscow, which was founded by Russian prince Yury Dolgoruky.
Eight centuries ago there were some successful negotiations finished and Yury Dolgoruky decided to make a huge feast to celebrate. On their way to Vladimir his troops stopped on Moskva river where there was only a few houses back then. They killed the owner, took his wife and daughters, and made a huge party on the shore of Moskva river where the Kremlin is nowadays. That's how and why Moscow was first mentioned in the chronicles.
1328 - Moscow became the capital city of the Great Moscow Principality and of all Russian Lands.
Moscow's Princes bought many others Principalities, those princes who didn't want to sell theirs were killed - the way politics was usually made that time.
1612 - A people volunteers' corps under the commandment of Minin and Pozharsky liberated Moscow from the Polish invaders.
That's important -- we have a monument in their honor in the Red Square, so now you know who is who (Pozharsky is sitting, Minin is standing, because Pozharsky was a prince). Minin was a rich merchant in Nigniy Novgorod and when Polish occupied Moscow his business was almost ruined, so he collected some money and paid it to the famous general Pozaharsky, who gathered the army and liberated Moscow. Even then business made the politics.
1672 - Peter I, All - Russian Emperor, was born in the suburbs of the city (I do not like him because of the next date)
1713 - Under the reign of Peter I the capital city of Russia was moved from Moscow to Petersburg
1755 - The first Russian university called Moscow University (MSU now) was founded. It is the oldest and still the best university in Russia. While in comparison to other top universities around the world it still has a long way to go, MSU is very special in the way that it attracts the most talented people with entrepreneur spirit, who want to succeed in their own way.
1812 - The Patriotic War with Napoleon. Big fires in Moscow. During that fire almost all the buildings were destroyed and few ancient buildings keep intact.
What's interesting is that we don't know who set the fire: Russian historians say - French army did, and French historians say - Russian patriots did.
1872 - The first horse-drawn tram line called "Konka" along the Tverskaya Street was put into service
1918 - On the 12th of March the city of Moscow became the capital of the Soviet Russia . Communists were afraid to stay in St.Petersburg which was closer to the borders.
1925 - The communists loosen up their grip with the arrival of NEP (new economic policy). Moscow is a thriving center of avant-garde arts, photography, cinema. Dziga Vertov makes his first films.
1935 - The irst line of Moscow Metro was opened and put into operation. Moscow metro is very deep; they wanted it to be an air-shelter. In the Chistie-prudi station there was a special Stalin's shelter.
1980 - Organization and carrying out of the XXII Olympic Games. It was a great perfomance of Soviet Union. They wanted to show to the world that Soviet system is the best. Especially for the Games government for the first time produced beer in the aluminum cans (they stopped producing it after the games), pushed out of Moscow all the prostitutes, and only those people who were loyal to the soviet system were allowed to communicate with foreigners.
1989 - Towards the end of Perestroika the new times arrive. Romanticism of the 80s is replaced by pragmatic thinking. Huge queues, people have to bite their bread when shopping so nobody steals their bit. Many abandon their former lifestyle and venture into private business. Last days of the famous Russian kitchen hangouts.
1991 - In august 21 there was a small revolution set in Moscow. The government was changed and there had been tanks for several days in the centrum of Moscow. At this time the Soviet Union was over, but it was a strange time for some period. Also a little earlier there were the first democratic mayor elections in Moscow. 1991 was the beginning of the Democracy, people were excited, waiting for changes, but it turned out to be hard process.
1993 - After some unsuccessful negotiations between the Russian parliament and the government the White House was attacked by several tanks. Lots of people came to watch the "show", but after a couple days everything came back to normal.
1997 - National holiday - 850th Anniversary of Moscow.
It was a great holiday. The central part was overcrowded, people were drunk and one out of every two was a policeman. Pity, you weren't here.
1998 - The financial crisis shakes up the city and gives it a breath of fresh air. The new Afisha magazine rides on the wave of pretending that Moscow is one of the best cities in the world – and even manages to somewhat transform it in the coming years.
2001 - WayToRussia.Net site was launched to help you feel free and good in Moscow!
2006 - High from all the oil and gas money Moscow proudly becomes the most expensive city in the world. There are barely any 3-star hotels left in the center of the city, traffic jams at 3am is a normal thing, and the real-estate prices are higher than in London even for a shithole in a concrete shack at the outskirts.
2007 - Young Moscovitans learn about the word "hipster" and crowds of teenagers in skinny jeans roam from club to club aimlessly. The good (and somewhat sad) thing, however, is that trash is slowly and steadily being replaced by trendy and fashionable. TSAO (the central area within the Garden Ring) becomes the place to be and if you live outside you just don't really get it.
2009 - Luckily, the financial crisis hits harder than expected and people slowly start to realize that it's not all about your business cards and how much you earn. Great projects dedicated to arts, education, and culture pop up rapidly, financed mainly by individuals and grass roots efforts. Moscow stops pretending and becomes what it's always been: a big chaotic village.
Legend has it that Prince Yury Dolgoruky – on his way from Kyiv to Vladimir – stopped at the trading post near the confluence of the Moscow and Yauza Rivers. Believing that the local prince had not paid him sufficient homage, Yury put the impudent boyar (highranking noble) to death and took control of the site. Moscow is first mentioned in the historic chronicles in 1147, when Yury invited his allies to a banquet: ‘Come to me, brother, please come to Moscow’.
Moscow’s strategic importance prompted Yury to construct a moat-ringed wooden palisade on the hilltop, the first Kremlin. Moscow blossomed into an economic centre, attracting traders and artisans to the merchant rows just outside the Kremlin’s walls.
Beginning in 1236, Eastern Europe was overwhelmed by the ferocious Golden Horde, a Mongol-led army of nomadic tribesmen. The Mongols introduced themselves to Moscow by burning the city to the ground and killing its governor.
Moscow eventually became a nemesis of the Mongols. In the 1380 Battle of Kulikovo , Moscow’s Grand Prince Dmitry won a rare victory over the Golden Horde on the banks of the Don River. He was thereafter immortalised as Dmitry Donskoy. This feat did not break the Mongols, however, who retaliated by setting Moscow ablaze. From this time, Moscow acted as champion of the Russian cause.
Towards the end of the 15th century, Moscow’s ambitions were realised as the once-diminutive duchy emerged as an expanding autocratic state. Under the long reign of Grand Prince Ivan III (the Great), the eastern Slav independent principalities were consolidated into a single territorial entity. In 1480 Ivan’s army faced down the Mongols at the Ugra River without a fight: the 200-year Mongol yoke was lifted.
To celebrate his successes, Ivan III imported a team of Italian artisans and masons for a complete renovation of his Moscow fortress. The Kremlin’s famous thick brick walls and imposing watchtowers were constructed at this time. Next to the Kremlin, traders and artisans set up shop in Kitay Gorod, and a stone wall was erected around these commercial quarters. The city developed in concentric rings outwards from this centre.
As it emerged as a political capital, Moscow also took on the role of religious centre. In the mid-15th century, the Russian Orthodox Church was organised, independent of the Greek Church. In the 1450s, when Constantinople fell to the heathen Turks, Moscow claimed the title of ‘Third Rome’, the rightful heir of Christendom. Under Ivan IV (the Terrible), the city earned the nickname of ‘Gold-Domed Moscow’ because of the multitude of monastery fortresses and magnificent churches constructed within them.
By the early 15th century, the population surpassed 50,000 people. Contemporary visitors said Moscow was ‘awesome’, ‘brilliant’ and ‘filthy’. The city was resilient against fire, famine and fighting. In the early 17th century, its population topped 200,000, making it the largest city in the world.
MOSCOW
The first mention in the Historical Chronicles is made about the city of Moscow, which was founded by Russian prince Yury Dolgoruky.
Eight centuries ago there were some successful negotiations finished and Yury Dolgoruky decided to make a huge feast to celebrate. On their way to Vladimir his troops stopped on Moskva river where there was only a few houses back then. They killed the owner, took his wife and daughters, and made a huge party on the shore of Moskva river where the Kremlin is nowadays. That's how and why Moscow was first mentioned in the chronicles.
1328 - Moscow became the capital city of the Great Moscow Principality and of all Russian Lands.
Moscow's Princes bought many others Principalities, those princes who didn't want to sell theirs were killed - the way politics was usually made that time.
1612 - A people volunteers' corps under the commandment of Minin and Pozharsky liberated Moscow from the Polish invaders.
That's important -- we have a monument in their honor in the Red Square, so now you know who is who (Pozharsky is sitting, Minin is standing, because Pozharsky was a prince). Minin was a rich merchant in Nigniy Novgorod and when Polish occupied Moscow his business was almost ruined, so he collected some money and paid it to the famous general Pozaharsky, who gathered the army and liberated Moscow. Even then business made the politics.
1672 - Peter I, All - Russian Emperor, was born in the suburbs of the city (I do not like him because of the next date)
1713 - Under the reign of Peter I the capital city of Russia was moved from Moscow to Petersburg
1755 - The first Russian university called Moscow University (MSU now) was founded. It is the oldest and still the best university in Russia. While in comparison to other top universities around the world it still has a long way to go, MSU is very special in the way that it attracts the most talented people with entrepreneur spirit, who want to succeed in their own way.
1812 - The Patriotic War with Napoleon. Big fires in Moscow. During that fire almost all the buildings were destroyed and few ancient buildings keep intact.
What's interesting is that we don't know who set the fire: Russian historians say - French army did, and French historians say - Russian patriots did.
1872 - The first horse-drawn tram line called "Konka" along the Tverskaya Street was put into service
1918 - On the 12th of March the city of Moscow became the capital of the Soviet Russia . Communists were afraid to stay in St.Petersburg which was closer to the borders.
1925 - The communists loosen up their grip with the arrival of NEP (new economic policy). Moscow is a thriving center of avant-garde arts, photography, cinema. Dziga Vertov makes his first films.
1935 - The irst line of Moscow Metro was opened and put into operation. Moscow metro is very deep; they wanted it to be an air-shelter. In the Chistie-prudi station there was a special Stalin's shelter.
1980 - Organization and carrying out of the XXII Olympic Games. It was a great perfomance of Soviet Union. They wanted to show to the world that Soviet system is the best. Especially for the Games government for the first time produced beer in the aluminum cans (they stopped producing it after the games), pushed out of Moscow all the prostitutes, and only those people who were loyal to the soviet system were allowed to communicate with foreigners.
1989 - Towards the end of Perestroika the new times arrive. Romanticism of the 80s is replaced by pragmatic thinking. Huge queues, people have to bite their bread when shopping so nobody steals their bit. Many abandon their former lifestyle and venture into private business. Last days of the famous Russian kitchen hangouts.
1991 - In august 21 there was a small revolution set in Moscow. The government was changed and there had been tanks for several days in the centrum of Moscow. At this time the Soviet Union was over, but it was a strange time for some period. Also a little earlier there were the first democratic mayor elections in Moscow. 1991 was the beginning of the Democracy, people were excited, waiting for changes, but it turned out to be hard process.
1993 - After some unsuccessful negotiations between the Russian parliament and the government the White House was attacked by several tanks. Lots of people came to watch the "show", but after a couple days everything came back to normal.
1997 - National holiday - 850th Anniversary of Moscow.
It was a great holiday. The central part was overcrowded, people were drunk and one out of every two was a policeman. Pity, you weren't here.
1998 - The financial crisis shakes up the city and gives it a breath of fresh air. The new Afisha magazine rides on the wave of pretending that Moscow is one of the best cities in the world – and even manages to somewhat transform it in the coming years.
2001 - WayToRussia.Net site was launched to help you feel free and good in Moscow!
2006 - High from all the oil and gas money Moscow proudly becomes the most expensive city in the world. There are barely any 3-star hotels left in the center of the city, traffic jams at 3am is a normal thing, and the real-estate prices are higher than in London even for a shithole in a concrete shack at the outskirts.
2007 - Young Moscovitans learn about the word "hipster" and crowds of teenagers in skinny jeans roam from club to club aimlessly. The good (and somewhat sad) thing, however, is that trash is slowly and steadily being replaced by trendy and fashionable. TSAO (the central area within the Garden Ring) becomes the place to be and if you live outside you just don't really get it.
2009 - Luckily, the financial crisis hits harder than expected and people slowly start to realize that it's not all about your business cards and how much you earn. Great projects dedicated to arts, education, and culture pop up rapidly, financed mainly by individuals and grass roots efforts. Moscow stops pretending and becomes what it's always been: a big chaotic village.
Legend has it that Prince Yury Dolgoruky – on his way from Kyiv to Vladimir – stopped at the trading post near the confluence of the Moscow and Yauza Rivers. Believing that the local prince had not paid him sufficient homage, Yury put the impudent boyar (highranking noble) to death and took control of the site. Moscow is first mentioned in the historic chronicles in 1147, when Yury invited his allies to a banquet: ‘Come to me, brother, please come to Moscow’.
Moscow’s strategic importance prompted Yury to construct a moat-ringed wooden palisade on the hilltop, the first Kremlin. Moscow blossomed into an economic centre, attracting traders and artisans to the merchant rows just outside the Kremlin’s walls.
Beginning in 1236, Eastern Europe was overwhelmed by the ferocious Golden Horde, a Mongol-led army of nomadic tribesmen. The Mongols introduced themselves to Moscow by burning the city to the ground and killing its governor.
Moscow eventually became a nemesis of the Mongols. In the 1380 Battle of Kulikovo , Moscow’s Grand Prince Dmitry won a rare victory over the Golden Horde on the banks of the Don River. He was thereafter immortalised as Dmitry Donskoy. This feat did not break the Mongols, however, who retaliated by setting Moscow ablaze. From this time, Moscow acted as champion of the Russian cause.
Towards the end of the 15th century, Moscow’s ambitions were realised as the once-diminutive duchy emerged as an expanding autocratic state. Under the long reign of Grand Prince Ivan III (the Great), the eastern Slav independent principalities were consolidated into a single territorial entity. In 1480 Ivan’s army faced down the Mongols at the Ugra River without a fight: the 200-year Mongol yoke was lifted.
To celebrate his successes, Ivan III imported a team of Italian artisans and masons for a complete renovation of his Moscow fortress. The Kremlin’s famous thick brick walls and imposing watchtowers were constructed at this time. Next to the Kremlin, traders and artisans set up shop in Kitay Gorod, and a stone wall was erected around these commercial quarters. The city developed in concentric rings outwards from this centre.
As it emerged as a political capital, Moscow also took on the role of religious centre. In the mid-15th century, the Russian Orthodox Church was organised, independent of the Greek Church. In the 1450s, when Constantinople fell to the heathen Turks, Moscow claimed the title of ‘Third Rome’, the rightful heir of Christendom. Under Ivan IV (the Terrible), the city earned the nickname of ‘Gold-Domed Moscow’ because of the multitude of monastery fortresses and magnificent churches constructed within them.
By the early 15th century, the population surpassed 50,000 people. Contemporary visitors said Moscow was ‘awesome’, ‘brilliant’ and ‘filthy’. The city was resilient against fire, famine and fighting. In the early 17th century, its population topped 200,000, making it the largest city in the world.
